How gyroscope and accelerometer work in a drone?

 For drone applications, both a gyroscope and an accelerometer are essential — and they’re typically used together in an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). Here's how they work in a drone:



 Why Both Are Needed in a Drone

SensorRole in a Drone
AccelerometerMeasures linear movement and tilt (e.g., helps detect up/down, forward/backward)
GyroscopeMeasures rotation rate (e.g., helps stabilize pitch, roll, yaw during flight)

Together, they allow the drone to:

  • Maintain stable flight

  • Perform flips and turns

  • Auto-correct position against wind or vibration

  • Enable GPS-free hovering and indoor flight

 Recommended Sensor: IMU Modules

For drones, use a 6-axis or 9-axis IMU, which combines:

  • 3-axis accelerometer

  • 3-axis gyroscope

  • (optional) 3-axis magnetometer for compass/heading

 Popular IMUs for drones:

SensorTypeNotes
MPU60506-axisVery common, good for hobby drones
MPU92509-axisAdds magnetometer for better heading
ICM-209489-axisHigher performance, low power, widely used
BMI0886-axisHigh stability, robust for industrial UAVs
BNO0559-axis + onboard sensor fusionEasy to use, outputs orientation directly

 Tips for Choosing:

FactorRecommendation
Stability & accuracyGo for MPU9250 or ICM-20948
Onboard sensor fusionBNO055 simplifies coding, great for beginners
Low noise / high precisionBMI088 (Bosch) or ICM-20948
Budget hobby droneMPU6050 is a solid, low-cost option

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