Electronics Introduction

  The short answer is:   Arduino uses a variant of C++. But that's a bit like saying "a car uses an internal combustion engine" – it's technically correct but doesn't give you the full picture. Let's break it down in detail. 1. The Core Language: C++ with a Simplifying Wrapper The code you write for Arduino is processed by a  C++ compiler  (avr-g++). However, the Arduino environment provides a simplified layer on top of standard C++. It's C++:  You can use core C++ features like functions, variables, classes, and libraries. It's Simplified:  The complex parts of C++ (like memory management with  new / delete  and the Standard Template Library - STL) are often avoided or unavailable on these small microcontrollers due to limited memory and processing power. It has a Unique Structure:  Arduino programs are structured around two main functions,  setup()  and  loop() , which is not standard C++ but is provided by the Arduino core ...

  Executing a "get_id_command" on an STM32H743 typically refers to reading its   Device ID   through one of two main interfaces: System Memory Bootloader:  Used via UART, I2C, SPI, etc., when the chip is in bootloader mode. CPU Debug Access Port (DAP):  Used via JTAG/SWD with a debugger probe, which is the most common method during development. I will cover both methods, with a focus on the practical SWD method. Method 1: Using the System Memory Bootloader (UART) This method involves putting the chip into a special boot mode where it runs a factory-programmed bootloader. This bootloader has a command to read the device ID. Step-by-Step Guide: Enter Bootloader Mode: Power cycle the board. Set the  BOOT0  pin high (usually by connecting it to VDD). On many STM32H743 boards, this is a dedicated jumper or button. The  BOOT1  (or BOOT_ADD1) pin is typically left low.  Check your board's schematic . Reset the chip. It will now run the system ...